Why is there something rather than nothing? - Richard Price: CEO of Academia.edu
Crazy Wisdom
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Full episode transcript -

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Welcome to the crazy wisdom podcast. This podcast doesn't really have a specific theme. Covers A lot of my interest, covers a lot of other people's interests. It goes into philosophy, spirituality, business, how to live a good life, many different things. Ultimately, I don't believe in having themes for the things that we do. We can categorize things, and obviously we categorize things all the time. But I like to keep things open ended. A continuous process of discovering the truth as it is on the truth is tricky because we can't really get to the truth exactly, because the truth is nonlinear. It is,

in the words of John Barr, Vicky combinatorial e explosive, even the truth of this window that I'm looking at the window itself, the glass that makes up the windows combinatorial e explosive. The cup that holds your water is combinatorial e explosive. You cannot model that cup totally in your head. You're only getting an image of it in with your eyes in your brain. That's not the actual cup itself. So this is This show is a discovery of truth wherever it may appear, by talking to people from various different fields I've talked the artiste, engineers, entrepreneurs, investors, refugees of just talking to anybody who has a glimpse into the truth. On through this conversation, through this mutual inquiry into what is true what Israel.

Hopefully we get to something that is helpful for to you. Now we are in a time of crisis right now, but it is in those times of crisis that we find our strength. And so this show hopefully will help you to find the strength that is resting that is deep inside of you. That is part of your birthright as a human being on find that strength so that you can get through these difficult times. Also, I want to let you know that I'm offering breath work sessions every day. I've got seven sessions a day and really excited to bring this to people. People have been really enjoying it, and it has brought strength to people and courage. And that's my that's my goal is to help you find the courage to not only survive but to thrive in the next couple years. Maybe because this virus is not going away. Usually viruses come in waves. So this is the first wave it will go away and then it might come back. I'm not saying that. I know for sure it will come back,

but we are in this for the long hole. So this is a marathon, not a sprint on. I want to do everything I can to help you not only survive but to thrive. Eso If you are interested in that, please find me on Twitter at Stewart Allsop II my diem's air open. I'd love to hear about what you think about this show. Also would be very, very kind of you to both subscribed to the show on Spotify stitcher iTunes, many of the major pot flat platforms. And if you're really feeling generous, go ahead and give a review on iTunes. So join me for the breath work. Just send me a message on Twitter at Stewart Allsup II with her email, and I'll add you to the email list where I'm sending out emails for the schedule. I hopefully see you there. Have a great day.

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Welcome to the crazy wisdom podcast. My guest today is Richard Price. He is the CEO and founder of academia dot edu. Welcome to the show, Richard. Thanks for having me. It's great to be here really excited to. I was just reading that you have a PhD in philosophy, Andi Philosophies coming up quite a bit in the medic conversations over the past couple weeks. And I'd love to talk about the connection between philosophy and science, technology and science. Uh, can you, from those my listeners who don't know. Can you tell them what academia et you is? Um, yeah,

Academia is a platform for academics, toe share papers. Our mission is to accelerate the world's research on, and part of that is it is achieving open access, which means getting every single paper ever written on the Internet available for free. It's so interesting because you have Google, which was started because they got this idea that about citations, I believe. Correct me if I'm wrong. They got this idea about citations on. Then they built that into the search algorithm on gave it certain weight on. Now it seems like it's coming back to academia, and a lot of academics must be pissed off with this as well, right? Yeah. I mean,

that's that's exactly right, and I suppose even like even further back than that. There's Tim, Berners Lee and his, you know, here's a sort of physicist who was working at Sun, and, um, you know, he was virtually thinking about putting just documents. Enough of general scientific nature on land. Interesting. Um, and why this? Why did you Why did you build this? Um,

I was a toxford doing my d fellas. They call that That's what they're them for. A PhD is in philosophy on Did sort of a few other companies actually alongside my my doctor. Um, like a couple of food companies, a couple of tech startups on at the end of the doctor, I I wanted to share my in papers that I've written. This part is the part of Dr Online. It's very hard to create a web page and just sort of get started. You had to basically be somewhat technical if to be right, you give your gonna Oxford gave you free web space, like gigabyte or something. And then I you know your ftp file, still surfer, and then you you also have to design your own HTML. And I just thought the academic community wanted a very simple way of getting their papers online.

Sorry. I thought, Yeah, I feel that. And so in what ways does philosophy Did you at UC had an interest in business before you started with philosophy? Yeah, I in my two passions in life have always bean entrepreneurship and philosophy. Um, yeah. And then So what? How has your study of philosophy kind of helped you to do be a better business if it all Yeah, I once we're not a collapsing on this for the, uh, Oxford philosophy department magazine on the connection between depression philosophy. I actually do think there's a can, Actually,

even though they seem somewhat, was apart. Um, So for me, um, the was involved in philosophy. Is that the examination of basic concepts? Really Ultra basic concepts that we don't often have time to question or examine explore like goodness and badness. Three boys. And so the twins were 5.5, and I have a 1.5 year old. But, you know, even at a very young age, notions of like, what's fair and what's not fair.

A quite president in people's minds and notions of like, what do we know? What? And I think Fluffy's about slowing our minds down because we often make transitions from something happened to something being fair, something happening to. Therefore I know about it, We don't know about it. And I think first it's about slowing down those rational transitions. You make a high speed examining each step of kind of microscopic teach others zooming in, especially if you find something that doesn't feel quite right. If you are the transition between Step one and step 1.1, it's not quite right about it. And you were Zoom in on that discomfort Marika fight for 1000 acts, and then sometimes you know, Frosty. That's that's where you find Hey Ashley!

Step 1.1 doesn't follow from Step one. That's an error in the rational transition. I think in everyday office we sort of become We was by a high speed, I think, in entrepreneurship. The analogy is we acclimatize our behavior around these physical constraints in life so successfully that we don't even notice that there. And I think a lot of for me at least, the entrepreneurial at sort of mindset has been about trying to slow one's mind months down as much as possible. Such that one notices the elephant in the Roman notices. The thing that's actually kind of like, quite annoying, Andi. I mean, I think the similarity comes down to basically in both field problems are gift's. They are absolute gold nuggets for the mind. There are the gifts from heaven on Once you're given a problem,

especially a small little like acorn of a problem and what you hope for a little you know, with if you examine it. So sometimes if you examine it, you'll see Well, that's actually a humongous problem. And, ah, but they both they both not at least my experience both the exploration, I think in both fields is actually quite semi intellectual side. Of course, this massive differences, which is in philosophy, Um, once you noticed that golden nugget of a problem and you start to sort of tease it, it, um you know,

it remains a very thera theoretical venture, especially, you know, it's in the study. It's, you know, it's typically just single authored papers such as your own work, whereas what happens overseen entrepreneurship, craftiness. That problem is of team building and, um, fundraising and being very active in the world and having your active feedback from it. So there's a lot of a lot of different ways we could go there from the very beginning. You were talking about how your kids bring up these deep philosophical issues, and I have been ever was read somewhere that it was in the master in Emissary that spoke about the right hemisphere in the Left Hemisphere. Is he?

He mentions that the basic question of philosophy is, why is there something rather than nothing on guy? Remember thinking that we're wondering about that when I was a kid? Um and then we kind of just like give these up and then at some points for me, like a return to philosophize, come mostly through challenges to really, really difficult challenges in my personal life and with my health, A still like Why and you never You never really question these things when they were in there going well or most people don't really question them when they're going. Well, for me, it's it's kind of this questioning has come back at a time where things have become very difficult. Um, what do you think about that? It's interesting. Um, uh,

you know, I think There, um, lots of ways into philosophy And, um, sort of how, you know, one way. And it is the way where you're outlined. Letting that be interesting to explore another kind of quite a similar way in is through almost like personal ethical questions, like questions that one really great. For example, I recently wrote a paper on vegetarianism. Um, on the genesis of this paper was, I really want to,

like, thinks myself like, Should I be a vegetarian? It was like an ethical question that was, like, loomed large in my mind. I didn't want to live the unexamined life A separately said, You know, I didn't want to just ignore the mega ethical questions. That was when I really want to get So I ended up kind of writing a paper is very personally motivated. A supposed Teoh, you know, um, posters of being a theoretical interest. I would say most of my philosophy that I write today three papers on them, kind of working on a quite personal I have one on,

like personal identity, for example, it would we be the same person if we applied herself to the Internet. There's a lot of the incident, convey talk about company mortality and sort of let you know, sort of, you know, trans humanism and uploading, changing or substrate to sell a kernel. That and I think there's a cool questions and maybe that ones that are really questions in 100 years time, Yes. So the other area that's sort of person dresses free will and, um, questions. You know, people often I say,

Do we have it? We don't have it. I think this is prior question. I'm Griff I which is like, What would it What would it mean to have it? You know, if you were God creating a universe, Newsome built all the particles and the respective laws government particles. And then he said, Let that be free. Well, what exactly? Just it's happened in the US on. And so I think you know, I find that a very interesting question, that sort of personally gripping.

And so you've got these personally grouping questions, and then you're also building company that's also helping other people publish papers. What? What has been the most interesting thing that you've discovered from working on this project? Good question. Um, well, I suppose that, um, it this is, um, tidal wave. I think of academic interest in open access. Is was a surprise when I started the company, um uh, I have next.

Hadn't yet become even necessarily well, in phrase over, cause celebre monks, academics. It was something like, Yeah, be nice to have my papers online. It kind of sounds like a cool idea, but not, like, almost not nautical of faith. I think now it is not full faith. It's like, this is how the northern it is, how accurate knowledge must be. It must be open for,

um, you know, I really think there were two reasons one from the actual expected to is one is ultra strict, like it's better if the world's accurate knowledge is available to all. The 2nd 1 is more about, like it's better for my career. If my knowledge, my papers are widely available and more likely toe have an impact. And then what have you seen in terms of the non academics breaking into the thought structures of academics? Because I'm I'm not an academic, but it seems like the Internet has just opened up this immediate access to For me, it's not so much journals. It's more people who read a lot of journals and then make the YouTube videos or kind of given interesting perspective. What is what have you seen about the way the general public is starting to look at scientific research and papers? Do you have a lot of people who are coming to your site? I mean,

obviously, dough. You have millions of visitors. So there's a lot of people who aren't academics who are benefiting from your site. Yeah, that's a great question, Teoh. That is actually also beans, you know, interesting and surprising. We have about 70 million people coming to this site each month. That's 70 and they're about in our by. Our culture is about 17 like 17 million academics in the world. So the vast majority of people coming to the papers in academia are not academics, and the French are surveys. They,

um did we have a about 1/4 of them and racket? Well, let's Sorry. Let's say less than 1/4 of them are academics. Andi about, of course, the working professionals. Another quarter our students in the final quarter is we call the general curious public's. This is, um, people who might be professionals but maybe retired or whatever, but they're kind of using this safe todo research. Something of intellectual curiosity is to put it to something for that work. And what about international stuff? Are you seeing a lot of people from China or from Russia publishing? Or are there a lot of academics from universities all around the world?

Yeah, that's very international. That's right. On. The traffic is spread across all countries trying to less. So actually, because of the if I wish the great viable. But everywhere else is have the usage interesting. And what do you think about this? What is your take on globalization and what are we headed for It. I'll set this up a little bit. We were from about what I can see about 1800 are. That's around this time period where the globe just got really connected, you know, first by shipping and then by telegraph and then all of these other communications, and it seems like we're headed for somewhere.

That's very interesting. It seems like we're headed for a more global identity, but the last five years it seems like we've gone the opposite direction towards more of ah, tribal identity. Um, and but what is the impact of technology on this global intelligence? Something you were saying about? Um, I can't remember exactly what you're saying, but it's something about like our I'm reading these papers in my mind is being influenced by these people on. Then we're having a conversation. But that conversation is dissonant. Inter mediated in its in its remote on bits, not in person. And it Where's all of this headed? You may think one.

So one thing that I can speak to about that it's Lisa's faras academia deputy is concerned is just the speed of distribution. Um, and there for us, for a platform that's, you know, instead of in the old days, you the sort of scientific publishing system. Um, the way that works is that you would have a paper that you want to share. You send it into the system inside who channels, and it would take about a year for it to publish it, and then one of sorts publishing. We could've mailed up the libraries around the world who scripted journal and then then the end user, as it were the academic would sort of the last mile's, the end user would. I can walk down to the library every so often and some through the latest issues.

That was. That's the kind of that's basically the funnel. Well, well, we've, you know, with the inside. Everything changes them academia when summing up bits of paper only first by using kind of some machine learning to figure out what it's about and what papers it's related to on. Then, um, and obviously, who's following the author canned. Then it gets, um, it's absent out to, um,

what we think is the audience for that paper, basically were within an hour or something. So what used to take can't 12 plus months to find an audience for an idea or a paper you know you now uploaded And the audience is, Yeah, is that within within sort of a few hours, it's delivered to the audience with a few hours. So, um, that's ah, uh, you know, terms the globalization versus nationalism thing. I would say that the dominant boundaries for academics around their research fields those of the extent that academia's balkanized it's around organized around research fields is exposed to serve, Nash said. Nationalistic, um,

sort of sentiments. And so your final the floss of mind hanging out on Neuroscientist hang out. It's not just he'll meet up at conferences, and, um, there's a sort of identity around being a member of that group and then from your personal experience creating a company. I imagine my assumption is that creating a company requires an interdisciplinary understanding and inability to connect a lot of things that may seemingly be disconnected. What do you think about a specialization of academia and how can we? Is it important to bring more interdisciplinary, um, ideas or it? Is there anyone studying interdisciplinary studies? Is that even in academic specialization? Yeah, it's a great question again, I think so.

Just from the Accademia Togadia perspective. Um, the one difference is that within the university, the department's arc of silence the chemistry department, the fist apartments on the physically different spaces. So the people you bump into on the conference Is there some sort of also silent around fields? And where is on additional platform academia? Um, you know, if a paper spreads from one field to another, it that sort of done very easily. There's no there's no sort of official civilization like that. Um, now, on the question of you should, uh,

ships of academics try to, you know, one of the one of the pressures of an academic is that you know, they're trying to find novel things to say on things that have been said before in, you know, um and so there is a sub tenancy toe cover our nation go super, super deeper. So another way, we're academic than there used to be, Um, Reiziger, servants of carving its ultra specialised knowledge. And you need, you know, eso on the, um,

specialization question. Um, one difference, I think, between offline University world and the academia is a digital platform. It's universities. You have the chemist department separate from the physics department over buildings. So if of social contacts and, of course, also the conferences, the deaf friends, well, like chemistry conferences, general physics conferences. So once of social world, a different said the the fields end up in sort of silent reading a physical space.

Where is the official world? If the paper is taking off, you know, in one field and moved to another field that's just seamless moving between the first moving percolating within the first field. Um, and the broader question you asked, you know, what is it? Good or bad? Have more specialization. It does something that was more in Lord being created these days because there's more people creating knowledge, academic knowledge, that is so. You need a bigger brain, Teoh, Get your head around us.

I think you know, prediction is, I suppose that will be fewer and fewer people like our special Newton and Einstein. You can, you know, get their heads around large parts of feel little, several fields. And, uh, you know, you can't really force that you don't. You cut in a few four son to become into disciplinarian to try and become. You know, try and speculate about connection between the three or four feels at once. The risk is that they're not really know what they're talking about. So you know that then Then you have someone who's thinking grand systems,

but, uh, come through the detail, just know, and we need both. And this is the thing that's so interesting about living in this age is just We have so much information I would have this thing that the Internet, which allows us to all access it as long as we're asking the right questions. Um and then it's a I'm now remembering something we're talking we're talking about. Earlier her I read this book Behave by Robert Sapolsky, and in it he talks about, you know, we had the three layer trying model of the brain where were Labour one layer two and layer three and layer three. Being the kind of cortex and particularly the frontal cortex, is the link between the layer to in the layer three eso these more deeper kind of autonomic things and they're not totally separated. They're very, very intimately connected.

All three layers are intimately connected. But this layer three is really where this philosophy comes from in this abstract knowledge, and it seems like we're having this explosion of abstract knowledge that's coming out right now. You know where people burn going down, but there's nobody who can kind of connect it all. But in many ways, like religion, I feel like that was the main purpose of religion was to provide this kind of overarching meta narrative that would allow people to rally around things and kind of create these shared stories and get meaning. And it does seem like that tribalism thing does. There is an element of that coming back up because people want these answers which this specialization from science can't really give them, because it's from from what I understand, it's very, you know, science can let us know all this stuff about how the cell works and all these really intricate details. But then the further we go from those kind of machine level things that it's harder and harder to pull out meaningful narratives that we can then apply to our lives. Would would you say that it's attack your it?

That's interesting. Yes. Um, well, I suppose you, as you said, there are two aspects. Maybe that religion used to do is gonna they provide, like, signed a vague answer to where the world came from and the laws of nature And maybe scientist doing pretty good job of that on. Then there was provided, like what you might call the meaning of life. Like the point. What's the point of living? And, you know,

science does not purport to address that question. What is the point of living. Um, and but if you do as you say, subtract religion out of a life, then maybe there is. That's avoid, like, people ask themselves, Well, you know, well, you know, there comes also backs this ethical crash beginning, which is, like,

you know, well, eyes are things objectively worthwhile objectively, Not worthwhile. Um, and, uh, and people have to create their own narratives. I think around that. And it seems like a lot of young people were doing that today, Um, and so interesting. I'm here in Colombia, and I'm really fascinated by the way that technology impacts other cultures. And one kind of practical outcome for that in Latin America is that the family structures air really, really solid here and very broad.

So, like cousins, everybody is all hanging out together in a way that particularly United States. But I imagine also Europe, maybe even Japan. Um, the family unit isn't quite as broad and is strong. And then you see that reflected in the social network. So, like, the some of the biggest users of social networks are allowed in America, people in that America. So it's really interesting just thinking about the interplay between culture and Technology and I and one of my themes for the show eyes that I'm investigating the rise of innovation outside of Silicon Valley and what it looks like. Um, and so far I've seen quite a few interesting kind of takes on it. One example would be rap e.

Robbie is ah. Is ah. What uber eats is trying to build in the United States because it doesn't already exist is an infrastructure. But here in Latin America, there was already an infrastructure of people delivering stuff to their to their homes. And what rapid did was essentially, uh, connected that altogether on been created a huge platform. Now that that that that creates something that wasn't possible in United States because of different economic development. Um, what do you think On this question? You have any insight into this from academia, don t you? Um, interesting. Um Well,

uh, do you think that again from the perspective academia, I think, having open access, the knowledge, um you know, um it's and especially having that knowledge flow seamlessly to with the workplace and outside of the ivory town. I think you know the status quo before the Internet was obviously the only people in universities and actually quite wealthy diversities have access to papers, and there were connected snow. Every academic has up, you know, with flap open access. Every economic would have access to make this. We don't win on a boat with the world, by the way. Yet where we have followed practice,

but we're going that we will be will be there in a few years on in professional context. Profession. Fresh working professionals as mentioned like about quarter I use of what professionals bringing papers into their workplace, basically trying to a solve some likes visit, work, problem that they have will be some. Some project finance questions like that will be trying to set up skill themselves, learn some new skills, some professional application in Iran. And, um, you know, that's a use case that just never existed before. And it's exciting to see what you know, how, how working freshens do use research.

And now that does make its improve innovation. In every, you're saying early also every country in the world. So this is getting Teoh an interesting question that I've asked previously on Twitter before, which is like what does the university look like in an age where it's connected by the Internet and it for me. You know, I went to UCSB, Santa Barbara in California and, uh, great time. I learned a lot of stuff, but now that I have the Internet, and at least for the basic principles of each of the disciplines that I'm interested in, it's pretty easy to find a really, really good lecturer and understand it. I guess I'm an autodidact.

I teach myself a lot of things, and I guess that isn't evenly distributed among the population. But, um, it like the idea of me going and studying in the university now, unless its research, it seems like the research component is thedc opponent, that universities will continue to have a really, really important role in What do you think on this hole on this topic? Yes, my experience that Oxford was that, um, the three most important educational elements were one working really hard thing to us is a week is just great for the brain is create mental excises number two being around really other really bright students. So they're criticizing your ideas and your actual two in the morning discussing ideas again. Like Justin. Yeah,

you're just putting in so many hours of intellectual work on then. Three is the quality of the tutoring system Onda the ability to get a sort of very senior professors to read your essays and provide feedback on what is a good I say, What's a good argument? And you know where you might be kidding yourself for? I'm not going into detail just what excellence looks like. Um, and I sort of feel it's their like Number three number one, um, number one about working very hard. You know, there is a certain structure that way. You expected work hard. There are social norms about, if you're bit, you can get thrown out if you don't know how card enough In that sort of embarrassing what kinds of social norms about the encourage hard work? I think it's much harder to built on the Internet,

but if someone could, that would be, You know, someone motivated people to work very hard the Internet. Then you could replicate that the hang it with great people and chatting about just random conversations headed in in an intellectual direction until two in the morning. Instead of spending 10 hours chatting. And so, yeah, I think maybe that's a bit harder to replicate on the Internet. You know, Maybe, Maybe, is that sort of not somewhere you to just sort of hanging out, chatting with people for 10 hours, how even it's specific, a different medium.

It's Morris inclusive. Think on dumbed, and the third is, as you say, like getting lectures from the best professors in the world. I mean, that resents the infinite concert of surpassed brick, brick and water experience. But getting feedback on your essay from a top my top professor, that is quite expensive. Actually, it's just like, uh, maybe, maybe a. I can help with that at some point.

Interesting. So what does research look like in the age of Internet, then? Or how does the Internet it? Does the Internet help people do research? And if so, in what ways? Yes. So from from the core academia perspective, I think you can bigger academia as helping on the input and the output side. It's on the input side. The questions I watch, what I read, what researcher like discussed, should I be reading and on academia, basically is a is an engine there that helps you based on what you've right before you're following will recommend stuff you to read,

and, um and then on the output side, once you've got your of you've got your corpus, you see what your paper you want share that the next step in your for be, such as to share it widely so that everyone can read it. And that's kind of the Accademia distribution system. Um, and I think the, um, something well, that's we also have in academia is a set of peer review systems. So the papers as being circulated can you voted on by extra fee of this system called paper rank. Where paper, you can get recommended and it gets a paper and scores a function of how many recommendations the paper has waited by. How well recommended the recommended rates. That's kind of this repressive review system.

Um, and we also have Ah a, uh so the paper existence of depends on the crowd and stronger. That is the crack a bigger. We have another sister call sessions where, um, you can put it on paper out and say, Hey, this is it Draft paper. It's not finished yet, but I want feedback me critical. Many 2020 day private, semi private group around that paper where people can discuss it from around the world so you can get instead of sort of physically traveling to a conference in presenting a paper which is also time consuming, expensive. You can get accident international audience of your field, your specific field with it and just,

you know, just just get feedback from them very quickly. Group of the next 20 participants that sometimes what we call a mega session, it can hardly three or 500 with 3 to 500 participants. That is really cool. Um, who are some of your favorite people that you're following on academia dot Edu? Um, I, uh it sort of

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depends what my interests. I tend to

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get stuck in these threads And, uh, you know, isn't as I said it, depending on the papers recently, a murder. Most recent paper reading is about identity of the time plus identity stuff. I got kind of a deeply involved in that. And then on the vegetarian aside, I was in terms of so that the people that who's flossed you admire the most thesis. A scientific question. But people who is frustrated by the most, like Tim Williamson at Oxford. John Hawthorne. Um uh and then going further back complex of David. Listen so cranky. Fantastic.

Um, interesting. So you mentioned you mentioned that one thing that great professors conduce a in a university environment is tell you what excellent excellence looks like. Um, this might be a very abstract question. Free feel to go feel free to go wherever you want with it. But what does excellence look like? Yes. So thinking of, um, philosophical context, Um, the, uh you know, one aspect of excellence is rigor. It is very,

very easy to sort of make mistakes in policy papers. And you go from premise one. You know, some press enter premises to a conclusion. Andi, just not be thinking clearly enough and just be kidding yourself that the argument work, but it really doesn't that is just think that son of the norm on and so I think it's good discipline at the end of varying a paper to subset of myself for this Certainly wrong. Thats argue, but where is it wrong? Um, trying to scuttle the paper itself to And also, you know, when someone does give you a criticism of the paper, just a really embrace that because that, like, you know,

if you have this high level of confidence that your papers wrong, then you're very grateful when someone starts giving you clues and you could go from there on the other aspect of excellence is kind of much so that rigor is actually quite easy to teach. That's basically what happens is you submit your essay and then gets Tauran to shreds. And in the process of that, you see all the problems in the paper, and you sort of you develop these mental notes not to make silly mistakes like that again, I think the other aspect is that of originality. Or you know how grand or exciting an idea. It's, um Onda, uh, you know, that that, I think, is, um,

you know, to sort of obviously encourage when you're wearing philosophy is is to try and say something original, but it's my child teacher. Um, I suppose that one thing is that is can be taught by example is to kind of, um, follow where the argument goes. If you are doing the rigor thing right Then followed where the argument goes, and often they will take you to quite bizarre territory on bizarre. A bizarre is sort of. You end up having an original of you, even though you didn't really set out to have an original. You just set out with these premises and you're putting one step ahead of the other 11 foot out of the other one in a very deliberate way. And suddenly you're in new territory. Interesting. And how do you,

in your own personal life, uh, think more clearly? Are there any Are there any activities that you do, or is it maybe more about taking away things? See, um, well, I find 30 minutes, 30 minutes cardio exercise every morning. Very good for the brain. Almost every day. Uh, I, uh, um uh and I also like,

if I mean, I don't really have this much and younger, but, you know, several hours of thinking time is just a light. It is light for experience, which is so interesting, cause I imagine that's hard as as an entrepreneur, but also can be quite beneficial. I was just thinking about this today is like maybe one of the highest leverage activities that we can do is sit there doing nothing. Um, and because just for the very fact that most people can't do it, I know that came to mind. What do you think? Yeah, Yeah,

Another one. Another one, That sort of obvious. But, you know, I read a lot love reading books and one thing. I found that with the New Year's resolution actually from a few years ago, um, that, um then I started to do was to write reviews of books. When I finish reading them on. That's really helping with mental recall of the books, because it's a You want to read a book and let them forget it. Like a year later, it z distressing. And I found out reviewing books after the book after I read it vehicle.

Well, uh, that should do it for today. Thank you so much for coming on the show. And how can people find out more about what you're working on and find out more about you? You can follow me on Twitter. Richard Price, 100 on Sanibel Academia, Don't you? Do you create an account, start downloading papers and then you'll see the recommendations. Come in. Brickell. Thank you, Thanks. Last year.

41:0

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