way gonna get this thing started. We're gonna do this. Yeah. Yeah, we're gonna do it. You know why we're gonna do it? Because this this this this viscous. So he would just I'm here with Dave and we're gonna talk about smoking. Have you ever Smoke goes once. Well, cigarette once. What did you consider self smokers? We'll just have smoked.

No, no, no, no, no. Definitely not a smoker. Tried it. I didn't enjoy it. Moved on with my

life. I feel smoked when I was 12 years old, maybe 11 with my sister in Ah, the Outback of Australia In the shed I had an entire cigarette and puked my head off. I do not smoke again. Over, dickhead.

Thank you for what happened a decade later.

Decay later. Some reason in medical school Australia. This is in the eighties. Lots of people still smoking industry in the eighties. And it was cool. And for some reason, I started smoking and forbid. Six months. Whenever I went out with the boys, I would have some beers and I would smoke. And I tried to, um, stop smoking. And for decades afterwards, whenever I would have a beer I'd have an overwhelming craving for a cigarette so kids don't start smoking. Were about to tell you Why do you have any

tobacco? I don't smoke. Smoking has been around for a while, at least dating back to 5000 BC to the Americas.

Now this does beg the question. Who was the first person to look down on a patch of dirt and say, You know would be cool? Get her up Some of that grass dried out, rolling into a tube, light it on fire and breathe in the smoke. How cool would that be? Can I get a totally bro up in this semi hunter gatherer culture?

Starting in the 16th century, as Europeans migrate to the exciting New Americas, tobacco, smoking and cultivation takes off,

and for one time it was all good, since everybody's life expectancy back in the day was so short that the link between inhaling the smoke from burning leaves and things like COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer was not appreciated.

Per capita smoking peaked in the 19 fifties, and the total cigarette production peaked in the early eighties and addicts peak nearly 60% of adult men and 35% of adult women were smokers.

Smoking was everywhere. It

was cool. It was

on the TV set. It was in the movies,

everybody that was cool

at a cigarette. Cigarette. Do you smoke, Doctor? That taste is great Cleaner. Let's real tobacco taste come

through fresh cause easier and smooth. Nothing beats better eyes What I was really looking for.

Too bad. It was also pretty much the worst thing you could do for your health that medicine has ever discovered ever. But then the bad news started to roll in. In 1929 in Germany and Dresden, a guy by the name of Dr Fritz Lincoln published a paper that said, Wait

on a minute. Lung cancer and cigarette smoking appear to be linked

Now it is a curious historical note that that paper made Nazi Germany militantly anti smoking.

Oh, the irony.

From the late 19 twenties to the 19 fifties and sixties, a series of increasingly sophisticated studies have done until the evidence is overwhelming. And in 1954 the American Cancer Society says the evidence of smoking causing lung cancer is irrefutable. But the mid 19 sixties, the surgeon general of the United States declares that smoking is a serious health, has it?

I just don't understand. Why can't something be done about lung cancer? Would you give me a cigarette, please? You won't find it on the death certificate, but one vital factor in Jim's death. But wait, Mel, how does all this work? Why your cigarettes so bad? I mean, what are they actually doing? I think we should go in a little bit of, ah, cigarette journey, even though it might be a bit of a drag.

So you light up a cigarette, you take a match, you inhale deeply and then oxygen. And that flame, well, that causes the tobacco leaves to ignite. Releasing the smoke as you breathe it in, down the smoke goes posture. Lips your tongue, your mouth down the back of your throat deep into your lungs. Smoke carries with drugs like nicotine that get absorbed through the lung and into the blood and sent to the brain where it triggers a pleasurable, desirable response. It's done its job, the job for which it was intended. I am in flavor country.

But wait. That smoke also contains thousands of other chemicals, so other than just causing pleasure. Thes chemicals can also cause cancer and do locks of serious damage. The chemicals seep into the cells locally, but they also permeate into the blood. They attack your D n a. All over your body, causing errors called mutations, and the cells will they try to repair themselves. But the chemicals they just keep attacking, and over time, this can lead to cancer,

not just cancer of the lungs, the cancer of the tongue,

the mouth but through the kidneys. Generous skin.

Everywhere you see, you've sent those chemicals all through your body and not just cancer. The skin gets damaged from the reduced oxygen supply in the construction of the vessels, causing rapid, premature aging with deep wrinkles called smokers skin that makes people look sick and all decades before

their time. It goes to the heart, where it constricts blood vessels and accelerates the production of plaques that can rupture and kill the heart in a heart

attack to the Penis, where the damage can prevent the patient from getting an erection.

The ovaries where it reduces fertility,

it causes COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is where the lung tissue itself gets big holes in it and scarring

the damaged lung doesn't work properly. It can't exchange oxygen,

the physical smoke particles of court by cells called macrophages and sit for years as the body tries to digest them but often fails. This produces dark lung tissue at once. Bright, healthy tissue resided. In the end, many smokers need bottles of oxygen with them wherever they go. Just the work of breathing becomes enormous. For them, it takes so much energy that they become thin and frail. You see, smoking doesn't just detect the lungs. It attacks the whole person from the inside out on that's tobacco. So by the mid 1960 years, you would think at this point where the world knows that smoking is bad for you, that it causes lung cancer and many other bad things that the public health organizations

and the doctors

and even the tobacco industry would have gathered together to tell the public of the terrible, terrible effects that smoking causes in the human being. But sadly, no.

The industry of making growing, distributing and selling cigarettes, it was one of the most profitable in largest industries in the world. So admitting to the public that their product, with all its addictiveness, was killing its consumers. Well, that would just be bad

for business. So what if cigarettes are dangerous? You're a man. The world is dangerous.

Internal documents later revealed that tobacco researchers and executives clearly knew the truth, but they suppressed it for fear of losing sales.

But sadly, it gets much worse. It would be bad enough if industry simply had to remain silent. But instead, in a technique widely used today, they went on the offensive.

The idea is to create controversy where none actually exists. And if you create controversy, you create doubt. And when people have doubt well, they're more reluctant to change their behavior. So what they do is they create a research institute, and it funds research, pushing this idea that cancer and smoking maybe aren't really related and that that association is flawed

but even go so far as to create their own journals to produce their own research and distributed widely amongst the lay press. And of course, there's the politicians. You gotta buy yourself some politicians

so they do this and it works.

It worked well for decades after even the company's new that cigarettes was killing people. There wasn't enough environment of doubt and controversy that people continue to believe that maybe cigarette smoking wasn't bad.

Well, this technique was used again in the 19 eighties to create doubt about the harmful effects of passive smoking or

secondhand smoke. When again, the overwhelming evidence was that you didn't even have to smoke the cigarette yourself. You just had to stand next to somebody that was smoking, and you could get all the same diseases as that smoker. But this kind of nefarious activity can only last so long. Science ultimately will catch up with you, as will the inside whistle blows. And they did at the end of 2015. Every single major public health organization recognizes that smoking is really, really bad for you today. Smoking rates in most of the Western world

have plummeted, but still 20% of Americans today light up, and smoking doesn't just produce lung cancer. Smoking is the cause of over 500,000 deaths in the U. S. Every year. That's one in every five deaths in the

U. S. To put it another way, that's 10 times the number of people killed from cigarette smoke than have been killed in wars fought by America in all of its

history. And what about stopping? Well, quitting is really, really hard. Listen to this quote from the American Cancer Society.

It may be harder to quit smoking than to stop using cocaine or opiates like heroin. Researchers recently reviewed 28 different studies of people who are trying to quit using the substance they are addicted to in addicted patients, 18% were able to stop drinking 40% rabble quit opiates or cocaine, but only 8% 8% could quit smoking. So the best way to quit smoking, it's very

clear, is to not start smoking

because smoking and nicotine in particular, is one of the most addictive substances on the planet. And of all the lifestyle choices you can make for yourself, smoking is by far number one the most harmful thing that you can do to yourself and

those around. You know, that was the strongest anti smoking speech I've ever heard. You could use a crusade against smoking, and you're just the man to lead it. Okay, Andy us for. But here's where I lose a few more friends I

tried it once in junior high. A bunch of friends were like, Do it, man. It's super cool. Try it. I took a puff and it confirmed my suspicion that cigarettes do taste and smell like poop on fire. That's actually the name of my punk band that I was gonna put together. But don't steal it that ever called poop on fire? Uh, whatever smoking kills. So, ah, speaking of things that you lied on fire and smoke, let's talk about weed weed in the news. We need to know about it. What would you like to call a marijuana gun?

Just skunk weed. Cannabis? Well, it's being around for a long time. A couple of years ago, they found a 27 100 year old stash of marijuana in the Gobi Desert. How many years old was a stash? 2700 years old? Dude, bro. Dude, bro, you see a really long time. That's really hard on the news right now. As many states are trying to legalize medical and recreational use of the drug, and as a recreational drug,

it's pretty safe, especially when compared to the West's most favored drug alcohol. Lots safer but that's a whole nother discussion for a second opinion episode. For now. Just wants to tell you about some of the not so good effects of marijuana that you probably don't know about have been smoking

since I was born. Man, I could smoke it. About 45% of people in the U. S have used marijuana, so most people are somewhat familiar with marijuana and its side effects. But perhaps we can tell you five things that you didn't know about marijuana. One. Let's start by talking about medicinal uses of marijuana.

Some doctors prescribe it for chronic pain. Glaucoma, seizures, nausea, vomiting. However, most doctors don't prescribe it because there's little evidence to prove that it's better than conventional therapies and laws, very greatly by state as to how it can be prescribed. You see, doctors tend to like evidence and science. We were lab coats and collect

data. My fellow nerds and I'll retired

to the nursery with our calculators. So most doctors are gonna be reluctant to start therapy that isn't backed by solid evidence. There are marijuana derivatives approved by the FDA, such as Drew nominal, which is called Marinol, that he used his appetite stimulants and as nosy medications, especially for cancer patients. So there is evidence that marijuana is useful for some medical conditions. It just might be less than you think to. Now. Let's get little more obscure with number two. It's something called cannabinoid hyperemesis

syndrome. If you're a regular pot smoker who likes their tee time at 4 20 answer these next few questions. Do you have recurrent abdominal pain? Do you also get nausea and vomiting? Do your symptoms improve with hot showers? Yes, you may have cannabinoid hyper M ISS ISS syndrome. It's something we see in the E. R. Commonly, and people can get quite sick. They get severe pain, nausea, vomiting and dehydration, often requiring I V fluids and medications. It doesn't improve unless you quit using marijuana. Three.

For number three, I'd like to tell you about a dangerous variant called synthetic marijuana. It's also called K to spice Crazy monkey Chill out in Spice Diamond. The packaging may call it incense. It's sold in retail stores like gas stations and on the Internet. It's a synthetic cannabinoid mixed with other herbs, and it may have similar fixed to marijuana. But unlike the more pure and natural forms of marijuana, it can produce severe and life

threatening. A fixed. Just in the month of April, more than 1000 people around the country retreated at poison centers after being exposed to synthetic marijuana.

These includes things like Tech, a caddy, which is a fast heart rate, agitation, vomiting, hallucinations, profound paranoia, muscle spasm, seizures and even kidney failure. As an e r doctor, I have to add here that I've seen multiple patients acting like William Wallace trying to take on the English Army get so agitated that we have to restrain them and sedate them to prevent them from hurting themselves or other people. They've crashed cars, broken bones and gotten kidney failure from using K two four.

Number four is legalization. Marijuana is now legal in Colorado, Oregon, Alaska, Washington and the District of Columbia. For adults over 21 like alcohol, there's a legal limit for marijuana, and in Colorado it's five nanograms per mil a liter. So for all of you out there trying to figure out how many pot brownies you can eat before it's illegal to drive, here's the answer from a doctor. I have no clue that measurement means nothing to me. Different edible products have different amounts, and people metabolize that individual rates. So that's the problem. There is no answer. Here's another problem. Some pot cookies have six servings of marijuana.

Who's eating 1/6 of a cookie? No. One. You're going to eat the whole cookie, especially if it tastes better. The more of the cookie wheat edible marijuana takes at least 30 minutes to take effect. So if you're diligent enough to follow the packaging and eat 1/6 of a cookie, you won't feel any effects. So you keep the eating. And by the time it hits you, you've eaten six times has suggested about, and the effects of ingested marijuana can last up to 12 hours.

Whoa. Five. So, finally, for number five, old school natural marijuana is actually a pretty safe drug, but there are some health affects. You probably don't know this is the doctor he stuff in general, smoking marijuana smoke Is Justus bad? Maybe worse than smoking cigarettes. But in case that wasn't compelling enough, marijuana can also affect your go nuts. Chronic use suppresses testosterone. It lowers your sperm count, which affects fertility and causes going to commence your own men, which is essentially male breasts. So, men, it makes your breasts grow and you test his shrink and women, it can make you lactate spontaneously.

So there you have it. Hopefully, you learn some things you didn't know about marijuana.

You got yourself hooked on pretty much the worst possible thing that you can do for yourself smoking. Now, How you gonna stop? Well, what about Vaping? What about vaping? Just

have you heard of electronic cigarettes? Or maybe your eyes been caught by that subtle blue led glowing tip. Smoking E cigarettes, known as vaping, is rapidly growing in popularity, even though they're banned in several countries. Let us break down for you how they work. If they can help you, quit smoking. And if they're safe,

it's interesting, too full of the money. Who do you think owns E cigarette companies?

They're more and more being bought up by the Big Three tobacco companies. It's almost like they're taking advantage of people's addictive behaviors requires the moral flexibility. Three main components to the E cigarette device are a battery, a replaceable cartridge, which contains the flavored nicotine liquid and an atomizer. The atomizer is a chamber that he eats the liquid and vaporizes it otherwise would be like spring. Been aka in your mouth. The circuit is activated either manually by pressing a button or with inhalation from a pressure sensor. So one

benefit of vaping versus cigarettes is it. Cigarettes require combustion that gives off smoke Tar cab monoxide Vaping is an aerosol that doesn't give off these other products, So let's get to the two big questions. Can I help me quit smoking? And is it

safe? Many argue that it can help people get off cigarettes, which are much more harmful, and it may be more effective than nicotine gum or patches because of behavior mimics smoking. The scientific literature on E cigarettes is limited. We know it's harmful, but likely less so than smoking cigarettes. But we don't know the social patterns about vaping. It's unclear how many users are smoking, trying to quit versus ex smokers now, using e cigarettes versus people who just want to use both.

One of the major public health concerns is marketing to kids. More and more junior high and high school age kids are vaping, but you're saying, well, at least adds a band on TV, radio and print, right?

I'm Jenny McCarthy, and I finally found a smarter alternative to cigarettes. Blue E Cigs Blue

satisfies me well. That law, which passed in 1971 only applies to tobacco cigarettes and not e cigarettes. So your kids might see a commercial world watching their favorite episode of

the Snuggle boats. It's really unclear if people use e cigarettes as a means to quit smoking or if they'll just be dual users. Believe it or not, there are very few high quality studies looking

at this question. But the studies we do have suggests that compared to going cold turkey, using some form of nicotine replacement helps people to kick the smoking habit and making that replacement of nicotine in the form of an E cigarette hopes

a little more. Is vaping safe? We know it's harmful, but time will tell just how harmful it is. How do we know it's harmful?

You see, there's no regulation over what's actually in these products, so you're just basically trusting the company's packaging to tell you what's going on in your body and remember that these companies are making money off addictions It's not a bake sale for charity.

The liquid is made up of nicotine flavors, water and propylene glycol. Let's talk about the ingredients, starting with propylene glycol. It's approved by the FDA and used in lots of medications. It's how they make fake fog for your favorite Halloween

event. The problem is, it was never intended to be inhaled deeply, multiple times per day. It's probably no big deal to breathing a little letter concert, but no one is putting their males on the fog machine and inhaling it day after day.

We know that vaporised propylene glycol irritates the lungs, and we just don't know yet how harmful

it will be. E cigarettes, of course, contain nicotine, but typically in smaller doses than cigarettes. And as we've discussed nicotine itself, as many health a fix but the exact amount of nicotine and other chemicals in that a cigarette, well, they're not very

well regulated. Because of this lack of regulation, random tests have found random chemicals such as the weight loss drug Ramona Band or the erectile dysfunction medication. See Alice, what could be better than vaping? Well, losing weight and gaining libido?

I'm sure that slipping those drugs in was just a accident.

Think of smoking and nicotine as a scale of badness. Smoking a lot of cigarettes is really, really bad. Smoking an occasional cigarette or cigar is bad. Vaping, in comparison, is less

bad. Even the secondhand smoke of E cigarettes is less bid. You see there's no side stream with E

cigarettes side stream. Is that smoke coming off the cigarette when the smokers not inhaling the only second hand smoke that comes from an E cigarette is what gets exhaled right now. The laws don't include E cigarettes for smoke free areas, and there's few limitations on marketing, including targeted marketing to youth. Organizations like the American Heart Association are fighting to change this. Remember, when it comes to nicotine, it's a scale of badness. So if you're going to step into the street without looking better, walk into the bike lane and not the highway.

We'll just talk about how bad smoking is. Is a Danna right? But fear not becomes the good news, and it is very good news. You see, the human body is made to repair itself, and if somebody stop smoking and really stops, it sets about correcting the damage as fast as a camp.

If you quit, the data shows that your chance of dying from a smoking related illness drops remarkably every day is an opportunity to make a positive

change. But the question is how. There are lots of interventions and plans and doctors and a dizzying array of websites that promised to kill you with this snake oil. But there is some science here. Let's go through it really quickly. First of all, medications can help. The one big medication is nicotine replacement. Remember that people crave nicotine if we give it back to them. Those cravings for a smoke much less and you can give this back is a patch or gum or a vapor and inhaler, and it goes on and on and on. But the good news is that in lots of studies, it helps. It's no miracle cure, but it really does help the craving and reduce smoking. There are a bunch of other medications that have been proven to help, not to mention stopping by just going cold turkey or slowly reducing the number of smokes. Have a time or financial incentives are known. Medical interventions like acupuncture and behavioral therapy and, of course, lots of Internet snake oil.

But the point is, there's lots of options.

There is hope. So whether you stop by yourself or whether you get help, stop because as soon as you stop, you start healing that day. My mom, she says, Cigarettes kill. Forget it now. Is your mommy a doctor? No scientific researcher of some kind? No. Well, she doesn't exactly sound like a credible expert now, does she? Hey, ladies, Newman,

Boys and girls, that's all we have time for for this episode, in the next episode will talk about hookers. And what about a reed vs Alcohol based society, which would be the best choice? From a public health point of view? The answer might suppose, thanks to just Mason Day Mason, My Name's Mill Herbert Thanks also to help punk band Group on Fire, also known as Aces, with Lupo Chess. This one hurt a bit is a production of Fool Ibou Incorporated, produced by CC Heaven Bill Connor. The information you here on this won't hurt a bit should not be taken as actual medical advice. If you have actual medical questions about actual medical things, you should see an actual medical practitioner,

even though we are actually doctors were not your actual doctor. So be sensible and keep it real. And this Oh, this this, this this this viscous says this.