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Why Did Cesarean Births Triple in America? · The Peter Attia Drive

The Peter Attia Drive

#410 ‒ The biology of pregnancy: physiologic adaptation, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, childbirth, and long-term maternal health | Kathryn Gray, M.D., Ph.D.

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter In this episode, Peter sits down with Dr. Kathryn (Katie) Gray, a physician-scientist, high-risk obstetrician, and maternal-fetal medicine specialist at the University of Washington School of Medicine. Katie begins by…

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Notes

  1. How Did Genetics Find the Cause of Hyperemesis Gravidarum? at 11:06

    Genetics provided great insight into hyperemesis gravidarum by flagging the GDF15 gene as really important in driving the condition. Full answer

  2. How Much Does Plasma Volume Rise in Pregnancy? at 14:06

    Plasma volume starts expanding immediately in pregnancy and is increased by 50% by 28 weeks. Full answer

  3. Why Take Prenatal Vitamins Before You Plan a Pregnancy? at 19:02

    Folic acid must be at adequate levels prior to conception. Full answer

  4. Why Is Insulin the First Medicine for Gestational Diabetes? at 32:50

    First line treatment for gestational diabetes consists of dietary modifications along with nutrition consultation and glucose monitoring in women who… Full answer

  5. Why Does Every Pregnant Woman Become Insulin Resistant? at 35:51

    It is not an oversimplification to say that every woman has to become insulin resistant during pregnancy because the adaptive response preferentially directs… Full answer

  6. Why Does Preeclampsia Raise Blood Pressure and Spill Protein? at 41:47

    Kathryn Gray says both the hypertension and the proteinuria of preeclampsia come from an angiogenic imbalance. Full answer

  7. How Long Does Preeclampsia Blood Pressure Last After Birth? at 53:11

    Hypertension from preeclampsia follows a different resolution timeline than gestational diabetes does after delivery. Full answer

  8. Do Half of Gestational Diabetes Patients Get Type Two? at 57:32

    One panelist says 50% of patients who have gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes. Full answer

  9. Why Did Cesarean Births Triple in America? at 1:03:19

    C-section rates in the United States increased dramatically from ten percent to thirty percent over the last fifty years. Full answer

  10. Why Does a Classical C-section Carry a Ten Percent Risk of Uterine Rupture During Labor? at 1:06:34

    A uterine rupture is an emergency and a surgical emergency. Full answer

  11. Can Four Centimeters of Dilation Last for Weeks? at 1:17:18

    Kathryn Gray says dilation by itself does not mean a woman is in labor. People can sit at three to four centimeters dilated for weeks and not be in labor. Full answer

  12. Why Does Early Water Breaking Bring Birth Within a Week? at 1:21:17

    Premature preterm rupture of the membranes at 28 weeks requires hospital admission. About half of patients deliver in the next seven days. Full answer

  13. Why Does Missing One Feeding Make Lactation Not a Good Form of Birth Control? at 1:24:48

    Most women possess the physiologic capacity to produce breast milk. Breastfeeding requires a maternal and neonatal partnership. Full answer

  14. Why Did Pregnancy Amniocentesis Become Much Less Common? at 1:33:35

    One panelist says the number of invasive pregnancy procedures, including amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, has decreased. Full answer

  15. Why Do Contractions Cause More Labor Pain Than the Head? at 1:45:30

    Contractions cause most labor pain. Delivery of the head forms only a thirty second part of labor while contractions continue for hours. Full answer

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